Figure 1 Learning-to-Learn Camp Structure
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What is a Learning to Learn Camp?
The Learning-to-Learn Camp is an intense five-day experience that challenges students to grow and develop skills that are essential to college and life. The camp integrates “learning how to learn” and “mentoring” (4.2.1 Overview of Mentoring). The design of the camp helps students build relationships, gain a sense of “belonging,” and improve their ability to perform in the classroom (3.1.2 Introduction to Learning Communities). All three factors are critical to student retention (Tinto, 1994). Through a rigorous and diverse set of camp activities, students develop their cognitive, social, affective, and academic skills. As a result of experiencing both successes and failures during the course of the week, students gain confidence in their ability to perform in key skill areas such as writing, time management, problem identification, listening, adapting to change, personal reflection, coping, teamwork, and articulating an idea (2.3.3 Classification of Learning Skills).
As illustrated in Figure 1, the Learning-to-Learn Camp provides support for individual students by assigning an assistant coach to each team of four students. This coach mentors the student teams throughout the week and assesses their work products such as their self-assessments, their daily journal writing, and their performance during classroom activities. Experienced coaches mentor the growth of assistant coaches and support them in times of challenge.
Daily games between teams, in addition to providing fun and relaxation, help build team identity and community spirit. The reward system of the camp is designed to encourage participants to mentor their peers and help others to learn. Successful students, teams, and learning communities are given rewards at the closing ceremony, which usually includes a talent show and awards banquet. A four to six member faculty team is responsible for the overall success of the camp. They oversee the daily camp schedule and make the necessary improvements suggested by the student council and camp staff in their daily assessments.
Essential Camp Elements
A driving force in this program is the mixing of both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation (3.1.7 Setting High Expectations). To provide extrinsic motivation, all work products in the camp are graded on the basis of either effort or performance. Intrinsic motivation is explored through the use of reflective journaling and self-assessments. In addition, both public and private accountability and acknowledgment of success complement the role that motivation plays in the learning process. For example, the camp includes awards after the talent show on the last day and opportunities to share self-assessments on personal accomplishments throughout the camp. The role of assessment cannot be overstated (4.1.5 Mindset for Assessment). Assessment for growth is an integral component of this camp, be it student representatives assessing the camp at a daily student council meeting, a cooperative learning team assessing its performance during an activity, a staff member peer assessing a classroom facilitation, or camp staff assessing the entire camp after the experience.
The curriculum of the camp centers on the analysis of participants’ personal educational and career goals, and the development of learning skills for college success, math and writing skills, and group process skills. Student work products include the Life Vision Portfolio, which involves personal reflection, a mission statement, and life planning; a Learning Assessment Journal, which includes learning tools such as self-assessment and reading logs; and activities from Foundations of Learning (Mettauer, 2002; Apple, 2000; Krumsieg & Baehr, 2000). A review of college math skills is also included (Apple, 2006). Staff work products include activity designs, peer coaching notes, and activity assessments.
Model of a Quality Learning Environment
Due to its intensity and compressed time frame, a Learning-to-Learn Camp provides an ideal snapshot of a quality learning environment as illustrated in Table 1. To realize such an environment, an orientation program is essential (3.1.3 Methodology for Creating a Quality Learning Environment.)
Benefits to Students
A Learning-to-Learn Camp is an intense week of challenges and rewards, continuously increasing levels of expected performance, and just-in-time assessment and mentoring. During this week, students develop the skills, attitudes, and values necessary to achieve academic and lifelong success. Students quickly recognize that, in order to be successful in the camp, they must accept the responsibility for their own learning and for their successes and/or failures. The students learn life skills, such as time management, the Learning Process Methodology, and self-assessment that can be applied throughout their academic and professional careers. Through the use of the Life Vision Portfolio, students explore who they are and where they want to be in their life during and after college (Mettauer, 2002). Students learn that there is no limit to their potential for learning.
Research shows that when students make personal connections in college, they are more likely to persist in their pursuit of personal, career, or educational goals (Gabelnick, MacGregor, Matthews, & Smith, 1990). The Learning-to-Learn Camp is an excellent opportunity for students to build community with peers and with staff that can enhance their connectivity during their first year at college. Some have referred to the camp experience as a boot camp for college. In five days, participants are given a taste of the college experience: managing an intense workload and meeting deadlines, making choices and processing the consequences of those choices, developing time management skills, exploring the importance of setting short and long-term goals, recognizing the significance of self-validation and continuous self-assessment, and discovering (for many) that learning can be fun. Camp participants assess their skills in meeting these challenges in ways that will help them successfully complete their first semester in college. When students take the ownership for their learning, they realize just how different college expectations are from those experienced in high school, and they build the self-confidence needed to take control of their lives. The following testimonials by camp participants at Madison Area Technical College, Sinclair Community College, and the University of the District of Columbia underscore these benefits.
“The Learning to Learn Camp brought me closer to myself and helped me learn that I don’t have to be afraid of college.”
“In this one week alone I have learned how to think more in-depth and how to assess myself and find out what I need to do for the next day. I never thought I could do what I’m doing, challenging myself.”
“I have become more confident in what I can accomplish in and out of school.”
“It taught me a lot—time management was especially valuable.”
“I learned how to handle stress.”
“It was fast-paced, hard work, but very worthwhile.”
“You fail only if you don’t try.”
“The camp staff helped make all students feel comfortable about themselves and learning.”
Benefits to Faculty and Staff
The Learning-to-Learn Camp provides a collegial environment where faculty, staff, and administrators come together with the common goal of producing a quality learning environment. The camp staff have a unique opportunity to improve their skills in mentoring, assessment, facilitation, communication, and peer coaching. Camp participation encourages faculty to experiment with new teaching methods, further refine their affect management skills, and develop their desire to be risk-takers and to become self-growers (3.3.1 Overview of Effective Teaching Practices). Networking with other faculty and staff helps instill a respect for the diversity of skills and roles of other staff. After the camp, as a result of their newfound capabilities and connectivity to the greater school community, staff often become role models in their own institutions. The two most common discoveries for staff during the week of the camp are the destructive role that enabling has on student growth and how much more students can accomplish than is often expected of them. These discoveries are illustrated in the following sample of faculty/staff comments.
“I’ve changed how I teach, how I assess and evaluate......The camp completely changed me as a teacher.”
“The changes are subtle, but important. I turn more control over to the students.”
“The experience reaffirmed my belief in self-directed learning. It stimulated me to use student self-assessments as a tool to foster critical thinking analysis skills.”
“As faculty we were witnesses to genuine life transformations in attitude and self-image. In addition, as faculty we were mentoring one another all day long.”
“The camp is a living laboratory of the power of mentoring.”
“The Learning-to-Learn Camp is the only opportunity we have for faculty to be in a laboratory setting with real students and therefore to see firsthand what works and what doesn’t work.”
“The Learning-to-Learn Camp takes process learning from intellectual theory to reality.”
“Working with staff and faculty from across disciplines promotes bonding and appreciation of the work of others. A few hours here and there cannot begin to approach the effects of intense work over long hours for a full week.”
“During the Learning-to-Learn Camp, we learn from each other by actually seeing one another work with students and by giving and receiving structured and informal feedback. Teachers get very little professional level feedback on performance, and it is both affirming and challenging to have that opportunity.”
Concluding Thoughts
The Learning-to-Learn Camp is laboratory for transforming our students and ourselves. The week-long retreat-like experience provides an opportunity for all those involved to step aside from the everyday roles and behaviors that impose a glass ceiling on their personal and professional growth. For students, the focus on learning skills, the writing of a life vision portfolio, and mentoring relationships significantly enhance the likelihood of college success. For faculty and staff, the success of the camp is often an awakening to the potential of Process Education in the classroom. For administrators, Learning-to Learn-Camps can be welcome catalysts for cultural change at their institutions.
References
Apple, D. K. (2000). Learning assessment journal. Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.
Apple, D. K., Krumsieg, K., Lawrence, B., & Hintze-Yates, D. (2006). Math and graphing skills. Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.
Gabelnick, F., MacGregor, J., Matthews, R. S., & Smith, B. L. (1990). Learning communities: Creating connections among students, faculty, and disciplines. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 41. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Krumsieg, K., & Baehr, M. (2000). Foundations of learning (3rd ed.). Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.
Krumsieg, K., & Baehr, M. (2000). Foundations of learning activities book (2nd ed.). Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.
Mettauer, J. (2002). Life vision portfolio. Lisle, IL: Pacific Crest.
Tinto, V. (1994). Leaving college: Rethinking the causes and cures of student attrition. IL: University of Chicago Press.
Element of QLE |
Shown by: |
Establish initial respect |
Personally greeting students, providing food, demonstrating strong organization, and establishing a sense of positive anticipation. |
Avoid prejudging |
All students, including those with disabilities, are expected to perform; organization optimizes diversity. |
Obtain shared commitment |
The opening of camp is designed to encourage buy-in to student-centered goals. Coaches and assistant coaches establish bonds of mutual trust with their students. |
Foster and support risk-taking |
Coaches and activity leaders value strong effort; “wrong” answers are seen as growth opportunities. Staff members are also engaged in trying out new skills, with peer assessment. |
Permit the learner to fail |
Coaches curb enabling behavior. They model the process of trying things that may or may not work and assessing for the purpose of improvement. |
Set high expectations |
The schedule is full with no wasted time. Nothing less than peak performance is accepted or rewarded. There is a “Sure, you can do it” attitude. |
Establish clear performance criteria |
All camp activities have a clear rationale and clear performance criteria. Assessments are based on those criteria. |
Implement a clear assessment system |
Coaches assess student work and performance; students assess the camp daily; the Learning Assessment Journal is integrated into Camp activities. |
Document performance |
Students are responsible for many work products of various types, including homework. Works products are assembled into a life vision portfolio. |
Continuously challenge performance |
All activities, including games, demand peak performance from students and staff. Facilitators use a variety of tools to encourage peak performance, such as competition between groups. No one is left behind or left out. |